I disagree with you about the lack of good data. If you visit the CDC link below there's actually a ton of data. It allows you to sort on comorbidities, sex, age...just about everything people could want. You have to figure out life expectancies for people with different conditions (diabetes, etc), but it's available for researchers to dig into.

To summarize though, I think we can say with a great deal of certainty that for almost everyone under the age of 75--that's about half of all reported COVID deaths and I subscribe to the notion that reported deaths are actually caused by COVID--they would have been expected to live well above 2 more years. There are probably cases where someone had late stage cancer and then got COVID and died only a bit sooner than expected, but that's the exception not the rule. The reason why is that the US life expectancy in additional years doesn't fall below 2 more years of life until that person is 102 (!). There's just no way to argue that half of the deaths were in people as frail and "on death's door" as a 102 year old. One quarter of the deaths have been in people under 65!

Your argument that all these COVID deaths have largely been in people who were about to die anyways is a convenient way to justify not taking actions to prevent the spread of COVID. It just doesn't hold up to any cursory analysis of the data. Independent of any policy discussions, two things are just demonstrably true: having more COVID cases is highly correlated with having more COVID deaths in the US and around the world; and there have been a lot of people (half or more of the deaths) who died much earlier (5-10 years at a minimum) than they would have otherwise.